LEAD ACID BATTERY
🔋 Important Details About Lead-Acid Batteries
Basic Chemistry & Working Principle
Lead-acid batteries use lead dioxide (PbOâ‚‚) as the positive plate, spongy lead (Pb) as the negative plate, and sulfuric acid (Hâ‚‚SOâ‚„) as the electrolyte.
Energy is stored and released through a reversible chemical reaction between lead, lead dioxide, and sulfuric acid.
Types of Lead-Acid Batteries
a. Flooded (Wet) Lead-Acid
Requires periodic water topping.
Durable and low cost.
b. VRLA (Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid)
Sealed and maintenance-free.
Includes AGM and Gel types.
c. Deep Cycle
Designed for repeated charging and discharging.
Key Advantages
Cost-effective energy storage.
Reliable performance for decades.
High surge currents, good for automotive starting.
Recyclable—over 95% of materials can be reused.
Robust and resistant to abuse.
Applications
- Lead-acid batteries are widely used in:
Automotive (car, truck, bike)
UPS and backup systems
Solar power storage
Industrial equipment (forklifts, scrubbers)
Telecom towers
Marine and RV systems
Inverters and home backup systems
Limitations
Heavy due to lead content.
Lower energy density than lithium batteries.
May require maintenance (flooded models).
Sensitive to overcharging and deep discharge.
Maintenance (for Flooded Type
Check and top-up electrolyte levels.
Keep terminals clean and tight.
Avoid overcharging to limit water loss.
Use proper ventilation to release gases
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